Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by low bone mineral density and low bone mass, which predisposes an increased risk of fracture in individuals affected by this condition. Although osteoporosis may occur at any age, it is significantly more common in older men and women, particularly in women after menopause. Other risk factors include diet, family history, hormone levels, medication, and lifestyle. A bone mineral density (BMD) exam can be used to assess bone density and diagnose osteoporosis. A patient with a tumor in the bone who also has osteoporosis would be at a higher risk of fracture (breaking the bone) than with either condition alone.