Infantile Fibrosarcoma

Infantile Fibrosarcoma is a type of cancer that usually forms in the fibrous connective tissue of infants and young children. Infantile fibrosarcoma is a malignant, or cancerous, tumor that is fast-growing and typically affects the lower leg or arm.



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What is Infantile Fibrosarcoma?

Infantile Fibrosarcoma is a type of cancer that usually forms in the fibrous connective tissue of infants and young children. Infantile Fibrosarcoma is a malignant, or cancerous, tumor that is fast-growing and typically affects the lower leg or arm. It is the most-common soft-tissue sarcoma affecting children under the ages of one. Infantile fibrosarcoma originates from spindle cells and has a similar appearance to fibrosarcoma of adults, however the prognosis of infantile fibrosarcoma is better. Treatment is effective and necessary, as there is a high recurrence rate. Recurrence of the tumor is more common than metastasis, however, there is still a small risk that the tumor may spread. Treatment includes surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, which has been shown to be more effective in pediatric patients.

Who is usually affected?
Who is usually affected?
  • • Most commonly affects infants and young children, with the majority of cases occurring under the age of 2 years old.
Causes
Causes
  • • The cause of infantile fibrosarcoma is unknown.
Common Sites Involved
Common Sites Involved
  • • Lower extremity
  • • Upper extremity
  • • Can metastasize to lungs, liver, and other bones.
Signs and Symptoms
Signs and Symptoms
  • • Presence of a mass.
  • • Pain or tenderness if pressed against a nerve.
  • • Erythema
  • • Ulceration
Biological Behavior
Biological Behavior
  • • Originates from spindle cells and has a similar appearance to fibrosarcoma of adults.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis
  • • The work-up for Infantile Fibrosarcoma often consists of a physical examination, X-ray, MRI, CT, and bone scans. The diagnosis is often confirmed with a biopsy, which samples the tumor for further analysis.

Risk to your limbs

Infantile Fibrosarcoma is a fast-growing, cancerous tumor that usually forms in the fibrous connective tissue of infants and young children. Without proper treatment, there is a high risk of the tumor returning. The risk for metastasis isn’t as common, however, this tumor may spread and grow into nearby soft-tissues, such as fat, muscle, tendons, nerves, joint tissues, or vessels.

Radiographic imaging is used to help form a diagnosis of infantile fibrosarcoma. These include X-Ray, MRI, CT and Bone Scans

An example of an MRI is shown.

Osteosarcoma Conventional1

Treatment of

Infantile Fibrosarcoma

Treatment of infantile fibrosarcoma consists of limb-sparing surgery, such as wide or radical resections. Although metastasis is not common, the tumor may spread and grow into nearby soft-tissues, such as fat, muscle, tendons, nerves, joint tissues, or vessels. Additionally, there is a risk that the tumor can come back or recur. For these reasons, chemotherapy can be used as an adjuvant treatment.

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